Tonsil stones, known also as tonsilloliths, are lumps that develop within the tonsil tissues. They are usually white or yellow in color. Below we review the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of tonsil stones.
What Are the Symptoms of Tonsil Stones?
While in many cases, especially if the tonsil stones are small, you’ll be asymptomatic, in some cases you may experience:
- Bad breath
- Sore throat
- Trouble swallowing
- Swollen tonsils
- White or yellow debris on the tonsils
- Ear pain
- Cough
What Are the Causes of Tonsil Stones?
While the exact cause of tonsil stones is not well-understood, experts know they are made up of a material called biofilm, which is a collection of microorganisms. Over time, the material can harden within the tonsils. Some factors that can contribute to the formation of tonsil stones include:
- Poor dental hygiene
- Enlarged tonsils
- Chronic tonsillitis
- Chronic sinus problems
How Are Tonsil Stones Diagnosed?
A physician can diagnose tonsil stones after performing a physical exam of the mouth and throat and, if necessary, ordering imaging scans.
How Are Tonsil Stones Treated?
In many cases, tonsil stones can be removed with home remedies, including:
- Gargling salt water. Gargling vigorously can dislodge tonsil stones as well as address any odor. To do this, dissolve one-half teaspoon of salt in eight ounces of warm water and gargle it.
- Coughing. Energetically coughing can also loosen tonsil stones.
- Manually removing them. You might be able to dislodge tonsil stones with a water pick or cotton swab. Don’t use any rigid items.
Sometimes, tonsil stones need medical interventions, such as:
- Coblation cryptolysis. This is a form of laser resurfacing that can smooth crevices that trap debris.
- Tonsillectomy. This is the surgical removal of your tonsils. This would only be performed in case of severe, chronic tonsil stones.
- Antibiotics. Antibiotics can lower bacteria counts that contribute to the development of tonsil stones.
How Can I Prevent Tonsil Stones?
The best ways to prevent tonsil stones are to:
- Brush your teeth and floss daily. Don’t forget to brush your tongue.
- Quit smoking.
- Gargle salt water after eating.
- Use a water pick regularly.
- Stay hydrated.
For more information or to schedule an appointment with a tonsil expert, call ENT of Georgia North today.